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An apple is a round, edible fruit produced by an apple tree (Malus domestica). Apple trees are cultivated worldwide and are the most widely grown species in the genus Malus. The tree originated in Central Asia, where its wild ancestor, Malus sieversii, is still found. Apples have been grown for thousands of years in Asia and Europe. There are more than 7,500 cultivars of apples. Different cultivars are bred for various tastes and uses, including cooking, eating raw, and cider production. Trees and fruit are prone to fungal, bacterial, and pest problems, which can be controlled by a number of organic and non-organic means.
BOTANICAL NAME : Malus domestica
ORIGIN : Eastern Europe and Western Asia.
TOTAL AREA IN INDIA: 313000 Hect
TOTAL PRODUCTION IN INDIA: 2437000 MT
MAJOR PRODUCING STATES/DISTRICTS IN INDIA :
1. Jammu & Kashmir (Srinagar, Budgam, Pulwama, Anantnag, Baramullah, Kupwara),
2. Himachal Pradesh (Shimla, Kullu, Sirmour, Mandi, Chamba, Kinnaur)
3. Uttrakhand (Almora, Nainital, Pithauragarh, Tehri, Pauri, Chamoli, Uttarkashi, Dehradun).
4. Arunachal Pradesh (Tawang, West Kanneng, Lower Subansiri)
Commercial Varieties WITH STATES AND VARITIES GROWN: -
| Season | Himachal Pradesh | Jammu and Kashmir | Uttrakhand |
|
Early season |
Tydeman's Early(P) Michael Molies Delicious, Schlomit |
Irish Peach Benoni Starkrimson |
Early Shanburry(P) Fenny Benoni Chaubattia Princess Red Delicious Starking Delicious McIntosh(P) Cortland |
|
Mid season |
Starking delicious Red Delicious Richared Vance Delicious Top Red Lord Lam bourne(P) Red Chief Oregon Spor Redspur Red Gold(P) |
American Mother Razakwar Jonathan(P) Cox's Orange Pippin(P) Red Gold(P) Queen's Apple Rome Beauty Scarlet Siberian |
Golden Delicious(P) |
|
Late season |
Golden Delicious(P) Yellow Newton(P) Winter Banana Granny Smith(P) |
King Pippin American Apirouge Kerry Pippin Sunhari Chamure Golden Delicious(P) Red Delicious Ambri Baldwin Yellow Newton(P) |
Rymer Buckingham |
STORAGE CONDITIONS-
- Temperature : -10 to 00 C with exceptions
- Relative Humidity : 90-95%*
- Storage Period : 2-8 Months (depends on variety)
- Freezing Point : -1.70 c approx.
PEAK HARVESTING SEASON:
- Arunachal Pardesh: - October
- Himachal Pardesh: - August to September
- Jammu and Kashmir: - September to October
- Uttrakhand: - July August
EXPORT (2022-23) : US$ 20.68 Million
Major Destination: - - Bangladesh, Nepal, Bhutan, UAE, Saudi Arabia