Ground Nut

The peanut (Arachis hypogaea), also known as the groundnut, goober (US), pindar or monkey nut (UK), is a legume crop grown mainly for its edible seeds. It is widely grown in the tropics and subtropics, important to both small and large commercial producers. It is classified as both a grain legume and, due to its high oil content, an oil crop. Atypically among legume crop plants, peanut pods develop underground (geocarpy) rather than above ground. With this characteristic in mind, the botanist Carl Linnaeus gave peanuts the specific epithet hypogaea, which means "under the earth".
The peanut belongs to the botanical family Fabaceae (or Leguminosae), commonly known as the legume, bean, or pea family. Like most other legumes, peanuts harbor symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria in root nodules. The capacity to fix nitrogen means peanuts require less nitrogen-containing fertilizer and improve soil fertility, making them valuable in crop rotations.

Botanical name: - Arachis hypogaea

Origin:- Peru, Bolivia, Argentina, and Brazil

Total Production in India: - 10.3 Mil Tonnes

Major producing states in India:-

1. Gujarat

2. Rajasthan

3. Tamilnadu

4. Madhya Pardesh

5. Karnataka

Commercial Varieties: - Kadiri-2, Kadiri-3, BG-1, BG-2, Kuber , GAUG-1, GAUG-10, PG-1 , T-28, T-64, Chandra, Chitra, Kaushal, Parkash, Amber

Storage condition: -

  • Groundnut must be dried properly after harvest to reduce the moisture content of the kernels to 7% for safe storage. At high moisture levels, insect populations develop more rapidly and there is an increased risk of invasion by toxic fungi, with a consequent danger of aflatoxin contamination.
  • The stacks should be piled on wooden pallets to reduce the possibility of ground water seeping into the bottom sacks.
  • Plant materials such as crushed neem seed, neem leaves or neem oil, which have anti-feedant or repellant effects on storage pests, can be used.
  • Storage godowns should be kept clean. All the waste and unwanted materials in the godown should be periodically removed.

Peak Harvesting Season:- Sept and Oct

Export of 2022-23: - 668,885MT

Major Destination: - Indonesia, Vietnam, Philippines, Malaysia, Thailand

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